crop species

pollination

area

where

grown

compatible relatives

alfalfa

Medicago sativa

mostly cross-pollinated

USA

wild alfalfa

Medicago sativa

asparagus

Asparagus officinalis

mostly cross-pollinated

USA

wild asparagus

Asparagus officinalis

blueberry

Vaccinium angustifolium

mostly cross-pollinated

USA

wild blueberry

Vaccinium angustifolium

burmuda grass

Cynodon dactylon

mostly cross-pollinated

USA

wild burmuda grass

Cynodon dactylon

carrot

Daucus carota

mostly cross-pollinated

USA

wild carrot

Daucus carota

celery

Apium graveolens

self- and cross-pollinated

USA

wild celery

Apium graveolens

chicory

Chicorium intybus

mostly cross-pollinated

USA

wild chicory

Chicorium intybus

clover

Trifolium spp.

some cross-, some self-pollinated

USA

wild clover

Trifolium spp.

corn

Zea mays ssp. mays

mostly cross-pollinated

Mexico

and

Central

America

wild relatives of corn

Zea mays ssp. mexicana

Zea mays ssp. parviglumis

Zea mays ssp. huehuetenangensis

Zea diploperennis

Zea perennis

Zea luxurians

cranberry

Vaccinium macrocarpon

mostly cross-pollinated

USA

wild cranberry

Vaccinium macrocarpon

foxtail millet

Setaria italica

mostly self-pollinated

France

green foxtail

Setaria viridis

lettuce

Lactuca sativa

mostly self-pollinated

USA

wild lettuce

Lactuca serriola

oats

Avena sativa

mostly self-pollinated

USA

wild oats

Avena fatua

oilseed rape, canola Brassica napus

mostly self-pollinated

France

USA

wild radish

Raphanus raphanistrum

wild brassicas

Brassica napus

Brassica campestris

Brassica juncea

quinoa

Chenopodium quinoa

mostly self-pollinated

USA

wild quinoa

Chenopodium berlandieri

radish

Raphanus sativus

mostly cross-pollinated

USA

wild radish

Rapahnus raphanistrum

rice

Oryza sativa

mostly self-pollinated

USA

red rice

Oryza sativa

tobacco

Nicotiana tabacum

mostly self-pollinated

USA

tobacco escaped from cultivation

Nicotiana tabacum

sorghum

Sorghum bicolor

mostly self-pollinated

USA

Johnsongrass

Sorghum halapense

squash

Cucurbita pepo

mostly cross-pollinated

USA

wild squash

Cucurbita texana

strawberry

Fragaria X ananassa

self- and cross-pollinated

USA

wild strawberry

Fragaria virginiana

sugar beets

Beta vulgaris

mostly cross-pollinated

France

wild beets

Beta vulgaris

sunflower

Helianthus annuus

mostly cross-pollinated

USA

wild sunflower

Helianthus annuus

walnut

Juglans regia

self- and cross-pollinated

USA

California walnut

Juglans hindsii

wheat

Triticum aestivum

mostly self-pollinated

USA

jointed goatgrass

Aegilops cylindrica

Sources for table:

Arriola and Elstrand, 1996. American Journal of Botany 83(9):1153-1160.

Baranger et al., 1995. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 91:956-963.

Desplanque et al., 1999. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 98:1194-1201.

Doebley, 1990. BioScience 40(6):443-448.

Klinger et al., 1992. American Journal of Botany 79(12):1431-1435.

Saeglitz et al., 2000. Molecular Ecology 9:2035-2040.

Snow and Palma, 1997. BioScience 47(2):86-96. BioScience 47(2):86-96.

Till-Bottraud et al., 1992. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 83:940-946.

Zemetra et al., 1998. Weed Science 46:313-317.