| Title |
Investigators | Department | Objectives | Approach Keywords | Progress Reports | Impact Statements | Publications | |
Project * COL00292A(See Project History for COL00292) | |
| Title | Chemistry, Bioavailability, and Toxicity of Constituents in Residuals and Residual-Treated Soils |
| Investigator(s) | Barbarick, KA; Ippolito, J; |
| Department | Soil and Crop Sciences |
| Objectives | 1. Evaluate the risk posed by residual application to uncontaminated (e.g. baseline) soils on chemistry, bioavailability, and toxicity of nutrients and contaminants. 3. Predict the long-term bioavailability and toxicity of nutrients, trace elements, and organic constituents in residual-amended agricultural and contaminated soils. |
| Approach | Objective 1: We will investigate the effects of sewage biosolids and water-treatment residuals on dryland wheat and native rangeland. We will monitor plant-biomass production and elemental concentrations and uptake of plant nutrients and potential inorganic pollutants. Objective 3: We will study the effects of continuous biosolids application to dryland winter wheat under minimum till and no-till crop rotations. We will annually monitor plant-biomass production and elemental concentrations and uptake of plant nutrients and potential inorganic pollutants. Long-term trends will be assessed. |
| Keywords | biosolids, water-treatment residuals, soil quality, plant-biomass production |
| Progress Reports | |
| 2005 | We studied the effects of gypsum, acidic gypsum, sulfuric acid, and elemental S with and without 90 Mg woodchips ha^-1 on the removal of excess Na and pH depression in a bauxite residue (Al-processing waste; pH = 10.0). Materials were placed in 32-L PVC containers and then leached with 8 separate pore volumes of water. The acidic gypsum and acidic gypsum plus woodchips significantly lowered the pH, resulted in the greatest Na, Ca, and Mg leaching, and had a lower sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) compared to all other treatments. The acidic gypsum treatment appears to be an excellent amendment for reclaiming the bauxite residue. Waste drilling fluids (mud) are often applied to cropland. We studied potential changes in soil compaction, pH, electrical conductivity (measure of soil salinity) EC, SAR and in wheat (Triticum aestivum L., TAM107) grain and straw production and their properties. We used three application methods (normal, splash-plate, and spreader-bar) and applied mud from rates of 0 to 94 Mg ha^-1. Higher compaction was noted where mud was applied but we found no detrimental effects on wheat yields or other plant or soil parameters. We studied the long-term effects of biosolids land application to a dryland winter wheat agroecosystem on barium accumulation and vertical movement. Littleton/Englewood, CO biosolids were applied every other year from 1982 through 2002 at rates from 0 to 26.8 dry Mg ha^-1. We utilized 4M HNO3 and AB-DTPA soils data from 1988 through 2003; on 2003 soils we performed a sequential extraction procedure to determine identify labile through resistant Ba fractions and utilized scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) to identify Ba mineral phases. Results showed 4M HNO3 extractable Ba increased while AB-DTPA extractable Ba decreased in the soil surface, but biosolids did not affect the subsurface. The SEM-EDS results verified soil surface Ba-S associations, most likely BaSO4. Sequential extraction results suggested increasing BaCO3 precipitation in the subsoil, indicating that biosolids-borne or natural Ba may be transported vertically. |
| 2006 | We studied the effects of different biosolids rates (0 to 11.2 Mg ha^-1 per application) over 12 years on the plant-nutrition status in a dryland wheat-fallow agroecosystem. We showed that the nitrogen first-year-mineralization rates for biosolids applied to dryland wheat-fallow rotations were reduced from 28 to 24% in 6 dry years that followed 6 wetter years. We also could predict surface total trace-element concentrations just based on initial soil levels plus quantities added with biosolids application. Biosolids provided an excellent source of Zn, which is commonly deficient in eastern Colorado soils. We studied the effects of single (1991) or repeated (2002) co-applications of biosolids (10 Mg ha^-1) and drinking water treatment residuals (WTR; 5, 10, and 21 Mg ha^-1) on a shortgrass steppe ecosystem. Increasing WTR rates led to a slight increase in the number of annual forbs present, and repeated applications slightly decreased the number of plant taxa present. Increases in plant N and Cu content were attributed to repeated biosolids application, and decreases in plant Mo and P content were attributed to sorption on to the WTR fraction. Soil N and Cu were present mainly in the soil surface, while Mo and P were transported downward most likely due to their adsorption to WTR particulate phases. Biogeochemical P cycling research showed WTR as the major P sink. Phosphorus did not readily desorb from these soils under a pH range of 4 to 6. Between pH 7 and 8 some desorption occurred as soil Ca phases competed for P with WTR. |
| Impact | |
| 2005 | Bauxite residue (Al-processing waste) was best reclaimed with another Al-processing waste known as acidic gypsum. The acidic-gypsum amendment can lower the pH while removing excess Na and eventually lowering the SAR. The addition of the acidic gypsum affords a greater opportunity to establish vegetation on the bauxite residue. Our drilling fluids results indicate that water-based bentonitic mud can be safely applied to well-drained soils using controlled rates. This allows the industries using drilling fluids to establish natural gas, oil, or water wells, a means of recycling their waste fluids. The barium study results showed that biosolids-borne Ba did not significantly move below the plow layer. Consequently, Ba may not pose the threat that is implied by its USEPA designation as a candidate pollutant. |
| 2006 | The nutrient-assessment research shows that biosolids application at agronomic rates supplies sustainable levels of plant nutrients while posing very small environmental threats. For dryland wheat in eastern Colorado, biosolids are an excellent source of plant-available N, P, and Zn. The co-application research shows that commingling of WTR with high P-bearing materials (e.g. biosolids) can sorb excess P, reducing the likelihood of offsite movement and helping prevent waterway eutrophication. WTR appear to act as a sink for Mo as well, reducing the amount of plant available Mo and helping to increase plant Cu:Mo ratios above critical values considered a risk for molybdenosis. |
| Publications | |
| 2005 |
Barbarick, K.A., and J.A. Ippolito. 2005. Biosolids effect soil Barium in a dryland wheat fallow agroecosystem. Abstract No. 4 ASA-CSSA-SSSA International Annual Meetings Abstract. [CD] ASA, Madison, WI. Barbarick, K.A., J.A. Ippolito, and G.A. Peterson. 2005. Biosolids application to no-till dryland crop rotations: 2002 results. Technical Report TR05-06. Barbarick, K.A., J.A. Ippolito, G. Butters, and G.M. Sorge. 2005. An infiltration exercise for introductory soil science. J. Nat. Res. Life Sci. Educ. 34:72-76. Bauder, T.A., K.A. Barbarick, J.A. Ippolito, J.F. Shanahan, and P. Ayers. 2005. Drilling-fluid application effects on wheat yields, and soil and grain properties. J. Environ. Qual. 34:1687-1696. Bayley, R.M., J.A. Ippolito, M.E. Stromberger, and K.A. Barbarick. 2005. Soil organic phosphorus characterized by indigenous enzyme assays. Abstract No. 18 ASA-CSSA-SSSA International Annual Meetings Abstract. [CD] ASA, Madison, WI. Bayley, R.M., J.A. Ippolito, M.E. Stromberger, and K.A. Barbarick. 2005. The effect of long-term water treatment residuals-biosolids co-applications on native rangeland soil phosphorus-Year 2. Abstract No. 302-6 ASA-CSSA-SSSA International Annual Meetings Abstract. [CD] ASA, Madison, WI. Eghball, B., and K.A. Barbarick. 2005. Manure, Compost, and Biosolids. In Encyclopedia of Soil Science. R. Lal (ed.). Marcel Dekker, Inc. New York. (Revised from 2002) Freeman, C.L., J.A. Ippolito, K.A. Barbarick, and K.R. Brooks. 2005. Mobility and Fate of Metals in Long-Term Biosolids Field Experiments. USDA and USEPA International Workshop on Biosolids Use in Agriculture. Sydney, Australia, March 7-10. Freeman, C.L., J.A. Ippolito, S.W. Blecker, and E.F. Kelly. 2005. Phosphorus Fractionation Chemistry Across the Great Plains. Abstract No. 12 ASA-CSSA-SSSA International Annual Meetings Abstract. [CD] ASA, Madison, WI. Ippolito, J. 2005. Concerns, impacts, and land application effects of drinking water treatment residuals. Rumbles. Rocky Mountain Section of the American Water Works Association. March 2005 . pp 18-19. Ippolito, J.A. Contributor to: Beaty, D.W., Snook, K., Allen, C.C., Eppler, D., Farrell, W.M., Heldmann, J., Metzger, P., Peach, L., Wagner, S.A., and Zeitlin, C. 2005. An Analysis of the Precursor Measurements of Mars Needed to Reduce the Risk of the First Human Missions to Mars. Unpublished white paper, 77 p, posted June, 2005 by the Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG) at http://mepag.jpl.nasa.gov/reports/index.html. Ippolito, J.A., and K.A. Barbarick. 2005. A quarter century of biosolids research-Colorado State University. RMSAWWA/RMWEA Annual Conference. Sept. 11-14, 2005. Albuquerque, NM. Ippolito, J.A., and K.A. Barbarick. 2005. Long-term impacts of biosolids rangeland surface application on trace metal mobility and fate. Abstract No. 35-5 ASA-CSSA-SSSA International Annual Meetings Abstract. [CD] ASA, Madison, WI. Ippolito, J.A., E.F. Redente, and K.A. Barbarick. 2005. Amendments affect pH and salt content of red mud. Soil Sci. 170:832-841. Ippolito, J.A., E.F. Redente, K.A. Barbarick. 2005. Amendment Effects on pH and Salt Content of Bauxite Residue. Abstract No. 5 ASA-CSSA-SSSA International Annual Meetings Abstract. [CD] ASA, Madison, WI. Ippolito, J.A., K.A. Barbarick, and M.E. Stromberger. 2005. Effects of Long-Term Biosolids Applications on Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics. USDA and USEPA International Workshop on Biosolids Use in Agriculture. Sydney, Australia, March 7-10. Ippolito, J.A., K.A. Barbarick, and T. Gourd. 2005. Application of anaerobically digested biosolids to dryland winter wheat. Technical Report TR05-10. Ippolito, J.A., R.M. Bayley, and K.A. Barbarick. 2005. The effect of long-term water treatment residuals/biosolids co-application on rangeland soil phosphorus-Year 2. RMSAWWA/RMWEA Annual Conference. Sept. 11-14, 2005. Albuquerque, NM. Mamo, M., P. Hain, T. Kettler, J. Ippolito, W. Zanner, R. Reuter, L. Powell, D. McCallister, C . Geiss, and D. Husmann. 2005. A multidisciplinary approach to applying soil science principles in the classroom. Abstract No. 2 ASA-CSSA-SSSA International Annual Meetings Abstract. [CD] ASA, Madison, WI. Norvell, K., J.A. Ippolito, S.W. Blecker, D.H. Wall, J. Barrett, and R. Virginia. 2005. Biogeochemical implications of phosphorus fractionation in soils of Taylor Valley, Antarctica. Abstract No. 8-7 ASA-CSSA-SSSA International Annual Meetings Abstract. [CD] ASA, Madison, WI. Sullivan, T.S., M.E. Stromberger, M.W. Paschke, and J.A. Ippolito. 2005. Long-term impacts of infrequent biosolids application on chemical and microbial properties of a semi-arid rangeland soil. Biol. Fert. Soils. Available at: http://www.springerlink .com/media/6CC6L52QVHDRPW82UP67/Contributions/W/4/Q/4/W4Q47571L8485060.pdf |
| 2006 |
Assefa-Mulisa, Y., Borch, T., Ippolito, J.A., Hansen, N.C., and Jones, J. 2006. Fate and transport of phosphorus in manure, biosolids and water treatment residual amended soils under cyclic redox conditions. Paper #307-5. Agronomy Abstracts. American Society of Agronomy. Madison, WI. Barbarick, K.A. 2006. Student engagement strategies for introductory soil science. World Congress of Soil Science. Philadelphia, PA. Abstract 26-2. Barbarick, K.A., Doxtader, K.G., and Ippolito, J.A. 2006. Laboratory Manual for Introductory Soil Science. Ninth Edition. Pearson Publishing Co., Boston, MA. Barbarick, K.A., Ippolito, J.A., and Hansen, N.C. 2006. Biosolids application to no-till dryland crop rotations. Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Report. TR06-7. Blecker, S.W., Ippolito, J.A., Barrett, J.E., Wall, D.H., Virginia, R.A., and Norvell, K.L. 2006. Phosphorus fractionation implications in soils of Taylor Valley, Antarctica. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 70:806-815. Freeman, C.L., Hansen, N., Ippolito, J., and Shurson, G. 2006. Soluble and Mehlich-III extractable phosphorus from swine manure applied soils. Paper #10-2. Agronomy Abstracts. American Society of Agronomy. Madison, WI. Ghasemi-Fasaei, R., Maftoun, M., Ronaghi, A., Karimian, N., Yasrebi, J., Assad, M.T., and Ippolito, J. 2006. Kinetics of Copper Desorption from Highly Calcareous Soils. Comm. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 37:797-809. Ippolito, J.A., and Barbarick, K.A. 2006. Biosolids affect soil Ba in a dryland wheat agroecosystem. J. Environ. Qual. 35: 2333-2341. Ippolito, J., Barbarick, K., and Norvell, K. 2006. Biosolids impact soil phosphorus recovery, fractionation and potential risk. Paper #307-1. Agronomy Abstracts. American Society of Agronomy. Madison, WI. Ippolito, J., Barbarick, K., and Paschke, M. 2006. Long-term water treatment residuals-biosolids co-application affects rangeland soils and plants. Paper #124-11. Agronomy Abstracts. American Society of Agronomy. Madison, WI. Ippolito, J., Barbarick, K., and Paschke, M.. 2006. Long-term composted biosolids affects rangeland soils and plants. Paper #127-8. Agronomy Abstracts. American Society of Agronomy. Madison, WI. Ippolito, J., Barbarick, K.A., and Gourd, T. 2006. Application of anaerobically digested biosolids to dryland winter wheat. Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Report. TR06-8. Ippolito, J., Stromberger, M., Barbarick, K., and Bayley, R. 2006. Water residuals and biosolids: Effect of co-application on soil phosphorus. Awwa Research Foundation, Denver, CO. 49 p. Ippolito, J.A., and Barbarick, K.A. 2006. Phosphorus extraction methods from water treatment residual-amended soil. Comm. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 37:859-870. Lagae, H., Barbarick, K., Davies, S., and Lybecker, D. 2006. Municipal biosolids Their economic value in dryland winter wheat-fallow cropping rotation. J. Soil Water Cons. 61(3): 191. Mamo, M., Kettler, T., Ippolito, J., Reuter, R., McCallister, D., Hain, P., Geiss, C., and Zanner, W. 2006. Development and assessment of e-applications and e- principles soil science lessons. Paper #1803b. Agronomy Abstracts. American Society of Agronomy. Madison, WI. McDaniel. J., Ippolito, J., and Barbarick, K. 2006. Phosphorus release from water treatment residuals-biosolids co-amended soils. Paper #11-1. Agronomy Abstracts. American Society of Agronomy. Madison, WI. |